The Pine Processionary and Its Danger to Dogs: A Complete Guide
The pine processionary, scientifically known as Thaumetopoea pityocampa, is a caterpillar that poses a serious risk to dogs. It is commonly found in pine forests across the Iberian Peninsula, especially during the spring months. In this article, we will explore in detail what the pine processionary is, how it affects dogs, the symptoms it causes, the necessary actions to take, and how to prevent contact. If you suspect any contact with the pine processionary caterpillar, please do not hesitate to contact us.
What is the Pine Processionary?
The pine processionary is the larval stage of a moth that lays its eggs in the tops of coniferous trees. Once hatched, the caterpillars form silky nests on the branches and, when they reach maturity, they descend to the ground in characteristic lines, hence the name “processionary.” Each caterpillar is covered with urticating hairs that release toxins upon contact, making them highly dangerous to both animals and humans.
How Does the Pine Processionary Affect Dogs?
Dogs, driven by their natural curiosity, may approach these moving caterpillars, increasing the risk of contact. The main ways dogs can be affected include:
🔹 Direct contact: Sniffing or licking the caterpillars brings them into contact with the urticating hairs.
🔹 Indirect contact: Dogs may step on the caterpillars and later lick their paws, transferring the toxins to their mouth and mucous membranes.
Contact with these caterpillars can cause hives, either from licking their hairs or from touching them with their paws and then rubbing their face. Due to their striking movement, dogs may approach them without realizing the danger.
What Are the Symptoms of Pine Processionary Poisoning in Dogs?
Symptoms can vary in severity depending on the level of exposure and the individual reaction of the dog. The most common include:
✔ Irritation and redness: Especially in the mouth, tongue, and lips.
✔ Excessive drooling: Due to oral irritation.
✔ Swelling: Inflammation of the tongue, lips, and face.
✔ Breathing difficulties: If swelling spreads to the airways, breathing may be compromised.
✔ Tongue necrosis: In severe cases, parts of the tongue may die and fall off.
✔ Vomiting and general discomfort: Indicating a systemic reaction to the toxin.
In some cases, the reaction can be severe, leading to angioedema (allergic reactions) and significant swelling of the tongue and airways. If the obstruction is considerable, the dog could suffer from asphyxiation.
If your dog comes into contact with the pine processionary, it is crucial to seek veterinary care immediately. At Animal Salut, we offer veterinary assistance at home in Barcelona and surrounding areas, at our veterinary center in La Sagrera, and through online consultations. We can help assess your dog’s condition and administer the appropriate treatment, which may include anti-inflammatory drugs, antihistamines, or supportive therapy in more complex cases.
How Does Legislation Affect Preventive Medication?
In some cases, pet owners have been able to visit the vet to obtain a prescription and purchase an injection from a pharmacy when traveling to remote mountain areas. With the new Medicines Law RD 666, this option is still available but only in exceptional cases. If you need more information on this possibility, you can consult us at Animal Salut, either at our veterinary center, at home, or via online consultation.
How to Prevent Contact with the Pine Processionary?
Preventing contact with the pine processionary is key to protecting your dog’s health. These caterpillars pose a serious risk, but with the right precautions, the danger can be minimized, and severe consequences can be avoided. Although their presence cannot always be completely prevented, adopting certain measures will significantly reduce the risk of contact with these toxic caterpillars. Here are some key recommendations:
- Avoid risk areas: During spring, avoid walking in pine forests or areas where nests are visible.
- Constant supervision: Always keep an eye on your dog during walks.
- Preventive veterinary consultation: Ask your trusted vet about preventive measures.
- Remove nests: If you detect nests in your surroundings, contact professionals for their safe removal.
Protect Your Dog from the Pine Processionary with Animal Salut
The pine processionary caterpillar poses a serious danger to dogs, and contact with it can be fatal. The best strategy is prevention and prompt action at any sign of exposure. At Animal Salut, we can help you with veterinary advice and care at our center, at your home, or through an online consultation, adapting to the needs of each case.
